Europe before the start of world war 1

HMS Dreadnought Made by Britain in 1906

Europe In 1914

Otto Von Bismarck

In the early 20^th century, the community of European nations still conformed in part to the border established by the Congress of Vienna in 1815, it had undergone a number of changes in the intervening years, the profoundest of which were most evident in the south-western region of the continent. Also in the early 20th century had known no great war, involving all the Continent’s major Powers, since the fall of Napoleon. Although European society had been transformed in the interim, the changes had made war more difficult rather than impossible. The rise of modern and unified Germans under Otto Von Bismarck in lead the army as the master strategist and lead the war on winning numerous wars against Denmark, Austria and France in 1862 until 1890 . The European nations consists of several countries such as the Austria-Hungary was the merger nation between Kingdom Of Austria and Kingdom Of Hungary. The other nations such as Serbia, The Russia under Tsar rule, The Great Britain, France, Italy and many other countries has been formed in 20^th century. The several countries that I have mentioned were the one who played the major part in the start of World War 1. In addition, 20^th century had also bring succession of military revolutions. In naval warfare, the wooden hull had changed to steel and sail cotton had changed to steam in order to change in contrast of early of modern era. For example, the newest battleship made by The Great Britain who has own the most colony in the world names the battleship, HMS Dreadnought in 1906 with turbine engines and 12-inch guns, made all existing battleships obsolete. On the land warfare, Prussia’s combination of universal liability to conscription as the been given wages, forward strategic planning and the born of military geniuses by a General Staff, and the railway-use as mobilization the army and carry the army to the other place in short of time helped win the wars of German unification, and was widely emulated. The revolution of cannon to artillery that consist of breech-loading with rifled steel barrels replaced smooth-bore muzzle-loaders, and from musket gun to infantry rifles. Smokeless high explosive replaced powder in bullets and shells, and the modern field gun (the machine gun) can fire at least 120 rounds per minute. However, at such development being made by the European nations, the war between Russia and The Imperial Japan in 1904-1905 gives shocked to the European countries as the Russian lost the war.